Revival of the Wild World in the Rhodope Mountains: Return of the Bison and Wild Horses

Rhodope Mountains – A New Beginning for Endangered Species

In recent years, the Rhodope Mountains have become the scene of one of the most successful wildlife restoration examples in Southeastern Europe. After centuries of absence, the European bison – the largest land mammal on the continent – is once again walking freely here.

Return of the Bison

In 2025, a herd of nine bison was released in the area of State Hunting Enterprise «Zhenda». The animals were delivered from Slovakia and Bulgaria and equipped with GPS receivers to track their adaptation and migration. The population now exceeds 20 specimens and new calves are regularly born. Bison maintain the ecosystem balance through their grazing behavior, which shapes the landscape and supports biodiversity.

Wild Horses Return

Simultaneously, wild horses – tarpans and koniks are again encountered in the Rhodopes. Thanks to cooperation between Bulgaria, Poland, and the Netherlands, in 2025 the herd numbers over 70 animals moving freely in the uninhabited parts of the mountain. Work is ongoing to officially recognize them as completely wild animals, so their populations can develop autonomously.

Wealth Increases

Wildlife revival in the region also includes red deer, fallow deer and rare predatory birds like the griffon and black vulture. Over recent decades, over 1,000 fallow deer and 150 red deer have been restored, and 143 pairs of griffon and 17 pairs of black vultures now nest in the Rhodopes.

Local Communities – Key to Success

Community support is crucial – through ecotourism, safaris, hiking routes and guest houses, the region develops economically, which reduces poaching. Educational programs, folklore evenings and nature festivals encourage preservation of the unique natural wealth.

Conclusion

Restoring wild animals in the Rhodopes is an example of successful balance between conservation and development. Combining efforts of citizens, scientists and institutions brings benefits to nature and the region's future, making Bulgaria once again a true home for the wild world.